Cash limit for 2022: important information for business

Order on cash limit for 2022

There are regulations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the procedure for establishing this parameter. It is calculated according to the standards described in the Directive of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U “On the procedure for conducting cash transactions...”.

Since November 30 last year, the instruction has been in effect in the new edition dated 10/05/2020 No. 5587-U. The changes affected the procedure for depositing and withdrawing cash, the rules for transactions with imprest amounts, the abolition of the three-day deadline for submitting an advance report, etc.

Cash limits at the cash desk are established by administrative document. The difference between receipts and write-offs affects the method of calculation. Any amount above this amount is deposited with the bank to avoid administrative sanctions.

Who must approve the cash balance limit?

As a rule, this operation is performed by the head of the organization. He is also responsible for violations along with the chief accountant.

A legal entity is required to agree on this parameter by law. Otherwise, the company and its officials face fines.

How often should a company recalculate its cash limit?

The law does not require regular updating of the order. However, many people prefer to install it again in order to more effectively track the movement of cash in the enterprise.

Does this need to be done every year?

If there are no changes in the organization’s work regarding the amount of money in the cash register, the order can be approved once and adhered to for several years. All that matters is strict adherence to the established limit.

Form and points of the order

In the upper right corner or at the very top of the document, the full name of the organization or the last name, first name and patronymic of the individual entrepreneur is indicated.

Then follows the heading “ORDER establishing a limit on the organization’s cash balance” with a number and date. In the main part of the paper, the manager specifies which documents he refers to. It is also necessary to mention what date the limit is set.

Usually the accounting department deals with the preparation of this paper and prescribes a certain frequency: once a year, with each reporting cycle.

Note! There are times when restrictions on holding cash need to be reconsidered. In this case, the law allows the order to be reissued on any date of the accounting year.

It is advisable to notify the bank with which the organization interacts about this event, since bank employees can carry out collections by agreement.

The order (in the first paragraph) also talks about the calculations made in the application. The latter depend on the billing period. By law, this time should not exceed 92 days.

The paper reflects the specific amount that constituted revenue during this period (or the fee that was paid to employees, if the calculations are based on this indicator). If the billing period remains the same, then this is stated in the order.

The second paragraph of the order indicates the financially responsible person, who, if the limit is exceeded at the end of the working day, is obliged to take all funds exceeding this figure to the bank and deposit it in the organization’s current account.

Attention! An employee interacting with cash must fulfill the duties of a cashier, be listed in this position or combine it with the position of an accountant.

If the organization is small and operations related to the circulation of cash are carried out by an accountant, then there must be an order assigning cashier duties to the accountant. This requirement is related to the requirements of the constituent documents of banking organizations with which legal entities deal.

An appendix on calculating the cash balance in the cash register for the billing period is attached to the order. The balance is calculated based on the receipt of funds for this period or from the payment of wages to employees, calculated using formulas. An appropriate note about this is required.

Thus, the amount of the limit itself with the time for which it is set is disclosed in the very first paragraph, and the official paper is completed with the signatures of the manager and chief accountant.

How to calculate the cash limit for 2022

The norms established by law presuppose a certain calculation method. There are two formulas. The use of one of them depends on the characteristics of the company.

If an organization often writes off cash but rarely deposits it, the limit on the cash balance in the cash register is calculated based on the amount of spending.

In cases where a company receives more funds than it spends, the calculation is based on the volume of receipts.

Formula for determining the limit from the volume of receipts

Quantities:

• KP - volume of receipts;
• N — number of working days;
• P is the frequency of depositing money into the bank.

What period should I take for calculation? The calculation procedure assumes that the parameter H should not be more than 92.

The limit is determined using the following formula:

KP ÷ R × R

Calculation example

We take the billing period for a trading company: August 1–October 20, 2022. If the company operates daily, this is 81 working days.

We count cash receipts at the cash desk:

August - 7,430,000 rubles; September - 7,840,000 rubles; October - 6,810,000 rubles. Total: 22,080,000 rubles.

With daily delivery of revenue, parameter P will be 1.

The organization's cash limit in this case is calculated as follows:

22,080,000 ÷ 81 × 1 = 272,593 rubles

Formula for determining the limit from the volume of costs

Quantities:

• KR - volume of expenses minus salaries;
• N — number of working days;
• P - frequency of depositing money into the cash register from the current account.

Formula for calculating the limit based on write-offs:

KR ÷ R × P

Calculation example

Let’s take the billing period of a manufacturing company: August 1–September 30, 2022. With a five-day work week, this is 43 working days.

We calculate costs taking into account salaries:

August - 1,350,000 rubles; September - 1,540,000 rubles. Total: 2,890,000.

From this amount you need to subtract the salaries of all employees:

August - 200,000 rubles; September: 287,000 rubles. Total: 487,000 rubles.

2 890 000 ⁻ 487 000 = 2 403 000

Based on the fact that withdrawals occur once every five-day week, the frequency (P) is 5. In this case, determining the limit from the amount of expenses looks like this:

2 403 000 ÷ 43 × 5 = 279 419

For calculations, you can also use special online services, for example, a calculator for calculating the cash limit for 2021.

Cash limit calculation form

Cash limit for small businesses in 2022

In 2022, there is no need to set a cash limit for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs. All individual entrepreneurs are also allowed not to use incoming and outgoing orders and a cash book, that is, cash discipline is simplified for them. You can confirm the revenue received when maintaining records without PKO and RKO using Z-reports or strict reporting forms. But refusing orders can complicate monitoring of employees: there will be no confirmation that the employee received the money.

If you refuse the cash register limit, you need to issue an order to cancel it. Be sure to indicate in the document from what date the cash register procedure changes.

Let's take a closer look at cash discipline for individual entrepreneurs and organizations under different tax regimes, including those who use online cash registers.

Cash discipline for individual entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system in 2022

The use of a simplified taxation system does not exempt individual entrepreneurs from complying with cash discipline requirements.

Individual entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system have their own characteristics:

• They must record cash transactions in the Income and Expense Accounting Book (KUDiR).
• If an entrepreneur using the simplified tax system took money from the cash register for personal purposes, there is no need to reflect this operation in KUDiR (since this is not considered an expense under the simplified tax system).
• It is not necessary to set a cash limit, maintain PKO, RKO and a cash book - the entrepreneur himself chooses the accounting method.

Cash discipline for individual entrepreneurs on UTII in 2022

Individual entrepreneurs on UTII can also refuse to limit the cash balance in the cash register, as well as from maintaining receipt and expenditure orders. Additionally, they may not use online checkout until July 1, 2022. It is enough for them to issue cash receipts and receipts - documents confirming receipt of cash. More details: delay of online cash registers until 2022.

There is still time before the deadline, but it is better to set up an online checkout in advance. Firstly, you will have time to get used to the new rules, secondly, you will have time to apply for a tax deduction of up to 18,000 rubles, and thirdly, you will be able to immediately appreciate the benefits:

• ease of payment,
• savings on BSO printing,
• ease of inventory,
• efficiency in customer service.

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Cash discipline for LLCs on the simplified tax system in 2022

Cash discipline for LLCs has its own peculiarities. Note that:

• It is necessary to set a cash limit and ensure its compliance.
• Companies must maintain PKO, RKO and cash book.
• An employee is appointed within the company who is responsible for the correct execution of cash transactions.
• All transactions with funds must be recorded.
• Funds received must be used only for the purposes for which they were issued.
• An LLC has expenses where cash cannot be used. For example, payments for rent of real estate, payments on dividends or interest on a loan.

When paying in cash, the transaction amount should not exceed 100,000 rubles. But if the buyer is an individual, there are no restrictions.

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What is the penalty for exceeding the cash limit?

In this case, the tax authorities apply the sanctions described below:

• Warning on first offense for small businesses.

• A fine of 4,000–5,000 rubles for an official and 40,000–50,000 rubles for an enterprise. The sanction does not apply to the cashier, but may apply to the chief accountant or the head of the company.

Punishment must follow within two months from the date of excess (Administrative Code of the Russian Federation). If the inspection reveals a violation later than this period, the business entity will not face fines due to the expiration of the statute of limitations.

In what cases is exceeding the limit at the cash register acceptable?

As stated in the law, on strictly defined days, enterprises and organizations can quite legitimately allow cash surpluses. In particular:

1. If payment of wages, social, material assistance, scholarships, etc. is expected, but no more than five working days from the date of withdrawal of money for these purposes from the company’s current account;
2. If cash transactions are carried out on non-working holidays or weekends, there may also be amounts in the cash register above the limit values.

Any other circumstances cannot serve as an excuse for exceeding the limit and will inevitably entail administrative punishment in the form of fines.

Which form was used before and why?

On October 12, 2011, Regulation No. 343-P of the Bank of Russia was adopted. It provided that every institution dealing with cash registers of any variety had to provide instructions on establishing a cash limit.

The latter implies daily accounting of revenue and reconciliation with the norm. If the norm is exceeded, a visit to the bank is required in order to deposit cash into the organization’s bank account.

Moreover, if the organization has several divisions in different cities, then only the top manager, and not the heads of divisions, should sign orders to set the cash limit. This applied to any organizations, including individual entrepreneurs, micro-enterprises and small businesses.

Calculation of the cash limit in the absence of cash proceeds

If the company does not have cash revenue, then the limit can be calculated as follows:

The billing period for determining the limit can be any: volumes of expenses for a week, month, quarter, peak periods of expenses. The main thing is that it should not exceed 92 working days.

Note:

the period of time between receiving money from the bank should not exceed seven working days, and if there is no bank at the location of the company, the specified period should not exceed fourteen working days.
Example
The cash register of Passiv LLC does not receive any cash proceeds. The company regularly makes expenses for business needs. To do this, the cashier uses a checkbook to withdraw funds from the current account. Over the past week, such expenses amounted to 100,000 rubles. To set the cash balance limit, the manager decided to use this week's indicator. “Passive” works 5 days a week, the cashier receives money from the bank once every three days. The cash balance limit for the company will be: 100,000 rubles. : 5 work. days × 3 workers days = 60,000 rub.

The cash balance limit can be set for any period of time that the company needs. This could be a month, a quarter, a half year.

After the cash balance limit is calculated, the head of the company must approve it with his order or instruction. The document must be kept in the company and does not need to be submitted to the bank.

Attention

The published material is taken from the “Primary Documents” collection. Both electronic and printed versions of the publication are offered to your attention.

From the berator you will learn how to correctly compile a “primary statement” in order to reduce tax payments and the dangers of incorrectly filling out invoices, purchase books and sales books. Details

Let us add that the berator “Primary Documents” became the first publication in Russia that collected absolutely all the information on the preparation of primary documents.

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