Average number of working days per month in 2022

Based on the labor legislation of the Russian Federation, working time standards are determined depending on how many hours the working week lasts. The erroneous opinion of many is that the production calendar is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, in particular the Ministry of Labor.

The Ministry of Labor issues a Decree every year, which indicates the number of working days, holidays, and weekends in each month.

In addition, the document indicates the transfer of weekends in 2022 to other days, as well as days on which the working day can be shortened by one hour. This information is necessary to calculate payments to employees by the employer.

The legislative framework

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation has a fairly specific definition regarding working time standards. The vast majority of workers work eight hours a day and work forty hours a week. This situation is due to the fact that organizations and enterprises work mainly five days a week. The working day is usually eight hours a day.

In this regard, future employees who are seeking employment can be advised to carefully familiarize themselves with the work schedule at the enterprise or organization. Often, it is during an interview that a potential employee’s length of working day is determined.

In what cases is it permissible to engage an employee to work outside of working hours?

As a general rule, working outside working hours is prohibited. But the law also provides for cases when this is possible - this is overtime work and irregular working hours (Articles 99, 101 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). The first option is more common in work groups, the second - for office employees.

Despite the same essence - work outside normal working hours at the initiative of the employer - these two options differ in design and compensation. If an irregular working day, with the consent of the parties to the employment contract, is formalized in the employment contract and subsequently does not require the employee’s consent for each engagement, then the employee’s consent is requested each time for overtime work (except for force majeure circumstances specified in the law).

Irregular working hours are compensated by additional leave (at least 3 days), and overtime work is compensated by additional pay or, at the request of the employee, additional rest time.

Average number of working days per month in 2022

Not least important in the labor process is the average number of days an employee works. There are a lot of really important details in the calculation itself. Thus, the average number of working days per month in 2022 is about 21 days (excluding holidays).

If we consider the average number of working days each month, then a lot depends on the specific month. For example, months that have many holidays, such as January or May, will have the fewest number of working days compared to others.

In January, out of 31 days, there are only 17 working days. In May, only 18 out of 31 are considered working days. Along with holidays, there are 13 days off.

The above-mentioned number of working days in January and May is valid for a five-day working week.

Labor legislation allows employers to increase the working week by one more day each week, and it turns out that the number of working days in such a situation will be greater, because Saturday will be a working day and Sunday will be a day off.

It is important to understand that the number of working hours per week should not exceed forty hours.

Where is the free working time schedule?

Unlike many forms of personnel records documents, there is no special single form called “Working Time Schedule”.

Companies whose operating regime does not depend on the operating characteristics of the equipment or the nuances of organizing the labor process do not bother themselves with drawing up such schedules, but prescribe the specifics of the labor regime in an internal local act.

Find out which document to reflect all the parameters of the working regime from the material “Internal Labor Regulations - Sample 2020” .

In those companies where round-the-clock work is organized or the combination of workdays with days of rest differs from the usual five- or six-day workday, they develop the schedule format independently.

Samples developed by ConsultantPlus experts will help you prepare such graphs “with deviations”. Get free demo access to the system and learn how to correctly schedule work during shift work. And in this ready-made solution you will learn the nuances of drawing up a schedule for summarized recording of working hours.

Since the responsibilities of each employer include mandatory recording of the time actually worked by employees, the most acceptable form of schedule is one developed on the basis of a time sheet.

You can get acquainted with such a schedule and download its form on our website.

Hour limits and working hours in 2022

The length of the working day (or week) may vary and depend on the following factors:

• the employee's health status;
• employee age;
• working conditions of the employee.

For some people, there are certain norms of working time in relation to the length of the working week:

Some professions require special working conditions, namely:

• for doctors - the length of working hours may depend on the presence of an epidemic in the locality; doctors in such a situation work overtime due to the importance of eliminating diseases;
• for teachers - the length of working hours may depend on the period of study for schoolchildren or students (including the presence of exams for students);
• for women - some managers may try to make their work easier and reduce their working hours; this may be due to the fact that a woman, for example, has a disabled child or children under 14 years of age in her care.

All of the above factors that affect the length of the work week are the most common and common. In labor legislation, there are other categories of citizens who have the right to work part-time.

We add that work in excess of the established norm must be classified as overtime and calculated and paid on the basis of other tariff rates. The employee’s consent to work beyond the norm is mandatory, because otherwise the employer’s actions may be classified as illegal. Overtime work provides incentives for subordinates.

In what cases does the law provide for a working day of less than 8 hours?

Art. Art. 92, 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provide for cases when an employee’s working time may be less than 8 hours.

First of all, this is when an employee may be required by law to have reduced working hours. Moreover, sometimes in this case the workers’ salary remains full, despite the reduced working hours (disabled people, “harmful workers”), and sometimes the salary is reduced in proportion to the time worked (minors).

Also, at his request, an employee can be assigned part-time working hours, and sometimes such a wish of the employee is mandatory for the employer (for example, in relation to pregnant women). The only possibility of establishing part-time work at the initiative of the employer is by virtue of Article 74 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation in the event of the threat of mass layoffs. Salary for part-time work is always set in proportion to the time worked.

How to calculate working hours per month?

In order to calculate the standard working hours in a particular month, you must do the following:

length of the working week / 5 X by the number of working days according to the five-day calendar per month minus the number of hours in the month by which working time is reduced before holidays (non-working days).

In order to calculate the standard working hours for the year, you must do the following:

length of the working week / 5 X by the number of working days according to the five-day calendar per year minus the number of hours per year by which working time is reduced before holidays (non-working days).

Example of calculating working time standards:

In August 2022, with a five-day work week that includes two days off, there will be:

• 23 working days;
• 8 days off.

In August 2022, the working hours will be:

• with a 24-hour work week - 110.4 hours (4.8 × 23);
• with a 36-hour work week - 165.6 hours (7.2 × 23);
• with a 40-hour work week - 184 hours (8x23).

What payments will be included in the calculation?

All types of payments related to wages.

Social and other payments cannot be included:

• cheaper food,
• reimbursement of transportation costs, communication services;
• vacation pay;
• business trips;
• payment for sick leave, additional days off for mothers of disabled children, etc.

Features of bonus accounting:

1. Monthly – in full, one for each indicator. If, for example, two premiums are awarded for the maximum number of concluded contracts, then only the one with the largest amount is included in the calculation.
2. Quarterly and semi-annual – in the amount of a monthly part. One for each indicator.
3. Annual (for the calendar year preceding dismissal) – in the amount of ? for each indicator (even if the employee received the money not in the billing period).

If the period for calculating the average salary was less than three months or there were excluded days, monthly bonuses are included in the calculation as usual. All others - in an amount proportional to the time worked. Calculation formula:

Bonus amount for calculation = bonus accrued in the billing months / number of working days in the period for calculation (according to the schedule) * actual number of days worked.

Calendar for postponing holidays in 2022

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 16, 2021 N 1564 provides for the following replacement of days off in 2022:

• from January 1 (Saturday) to May 3 (Tuesday);
• from January 2 (Sunday) to May 10 (Tuesday);
• from March 5 (Saturday) to March 7 (Monday).

Thus, due to the postponement of holidays in 2022, Russians are expected to traditionally have a long weekend for the New Year. They will last 10 days - from December 31, 2022 to January 10, 2022.

The next period of long rest falls in March - from March 6 to March 8.

Traditionally, May will be generous for holidays and long vacations. In May 2022, Russians will have a holiday from May 1 to 3 in connection with the Spring and Labor Festival, as well as from May 7 to 10 in connection with Victory Day.

In November, in connection with the celebration of National Unity Day, the weekend will last from November 4 to November 6, 2022.

How legal is it if an employee works on Saturday and Sunday and rests on other days of the week?

As a general rule, weekends are Saturday and Sunday, but variations are possible. For example, on other days, while Sunday remains a general day off, it is desirable that the days off be consecutive. But if it is not possible to set the weekend in this way, then you can use the weekend on a sliding schedule (for example, this week Monday-Tuesday, and the next Wednesday-Thursday) depending on the needs of production (Article 111 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Such features should be recorded not only in the employer’s local regulations, but also in the employee’s employment contract

Another option is possible - working on Saturday and Sunday (with these days being days off for the employee). As you know, engaging an employee to work on a day off (non-working holiday) is possible only with the consent of the employee, except in cases of force majeure provided for by law. In this case, the employer is obliged to provide the employee with compensation: payment for work on a day off in double the amount or, at the request of the employee, provision of a day of rest (Article 113.153 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Table: Working hours standards for 2022

By number of working days

By number of working hours

The article was edited in accordance with current legislation 01/05/2022

The billing period has been fully worked out

If the billing period has been fully worked out, calculate your average daily earnings using the formula:

This calculation procedure is established by part 4 of article 139 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

An example of determining average daily earnings to calculate compensation for unused vacation upon dismissal. The employee worked the entire pay period. The employee is entitled to vacation in calendar days

Economist A.S. Kondratyev wrote a letter of resignation on May 12, 2015. He is entitled to compensation for unused vacation. Kondratyev worked for the organization for three years.

The calculation period for payment of compensation included the months from May 2014 to April 2015. The employee worked the entire pay period.

Employee accruals for the billing period are reflected in the table:

The accountant calculated Kondratiev’s average daily earnings as follows: 360,000 rubles. : 12 months : 29.3 days/month = 1023.89 rub./day.

Situation: how to calculate the average monthly number of calendar days when calculating the average daily earnings to pay compensation for unused vacation upon dismissal? One of the months of the billing period was worked beyond the usual norm.

When calculating compensation for unused vacation upon dismissal, determine the average daily earnings in the usual manner.

In this case, the month that the employee worked in excess of the monthly working hours is considered fully worked. It does not contain calendar days that are excluded from the calculation period (for example, those associated with illness, vacation, downtime, etc.). Therefore, the number of days in this month for the purposes of calculating compensation for unused vacation upon dismissal will be 29.3 days. This conclusion can be made by part 4 of article 139 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, paragraph 10 of the regulation approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2007 No. 922.

This might also be useful:

• Holidays and weekends: how are workers paid?
• Additional agreement to the employment contract on salary changes
• Entry in the work book about dismissal

• How to issue pay slips
• Order on approval of the staffing table
• How to obtain a duplicate work book

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