Procedure for drawing up a balance sheet (example)

Why do you need a completed balance sheet: example

The balance sheet for 2022 is a document that summarizes accounting data on the financial performance of an organization for a certain period.
ATTENTION! Starting from 2022, financial statements will be submitted exclusively in electronic form. Paper forms will no longer be accepted. Read more about changes to the rules for presenting financial statements here. We also remind you that in 2022 the reporting forms have been updated.

Despite the fact that the 2022 balance sheet form that is relevant for the Russian Federation - you can download the form for free directly from the article - is filled in with data for very specific dates, a comparison of these data reflects their dynamics over time.

A correct reading of the 2022 balance sheet form provides fairly broad information of an economic nature to the interested user. These users include primarily:

• owners of the organization;
• financial and economic service of the enterprise;
• Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service;
• state statistics bodies;
• banks from which the company receives loans;
• investors;
• sponsors;
• counterparties with whom current interaction is carried out;
• administrations of the regions where the enterprise operates.

The balance sheet for 2022, as well as the balance sheet for 2022, allows you to see not only the specific financial and economic situation at the reporting date, but also analyze its changes in comparison with data for past years. And taking into account long-term development plans, it makes it possible to draw up a forecast of the enterprise’s activities and, accordingly, a forecast balance sheet.

For external users, as a rule, it is enough to present the balance sheet on the 2022 form with a certain frequency (month, quarter, year). They may be satisfied with the standard reporting form, which is used to submit a report to the Federal Tax Service and state statistics bodies, but options for transforming the data into other reporting forms similar to the 2021 balance sheet are possible.

For internal purposes, the main of which is the current analysis of activities and timely adoption of measures to adjust the operation of the enterprise, the balance sheet - Form 1 on the 2022 form - can be compiled at any frequency and in a very wide range of its types.

Thus, the value of the balance sheet goes very far beyond the boundaries of the usual accounting records created for the Federal Tax Service. Therefore, special attention should be paid to filling it out and knowing how to draw up a balance sheet correctly.

For general requirements for financial reporting, read the article “What requirements should accounting reporting satisfy?” .

When is the balance sheet due?

As a general rule, the balance sheet is submitted only once a year: on any day from March 1 to March 31. Such deadlines for submitting the balance sheet are indicated both in accounting (clause 2 of article 18 of the law “On Accounting” dated December 6, 2011 No. 402-FZ) and in tax legislation (subclause 5 of clause 1 of article 23 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

If the company began operations in the middle of the year, the reporting period will be shortened. But the timing for preparing the balance sheet is usual: within 3 months after the end of the reporting period.

In the event of liquidation of a company, the reporting period ends with the date of entry into the Unified State Register of Legal Entities about liquidation (Article 17 of Law No. 402-FZ), and reporting must also be prepared and submitted within 3 months.

Sometimes the reporting period increases. This happens when the decision to start a business is made at the end of the year and registration occurs after September 30 (for example, in October 2022). Then, according to paragraph 3 of Art. 15 of Law No. 402-FZ, the reporting period is extended and lasts from October 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. This increase does not affect the due date of the balance sheet.

The balance sheet for owners and other interested parties can be submitted at any time and with any frequency (Clause 4, Article 13 of Law No. 402-FZ). There is no need to submit this reporting to the tax office.

Starting with the balance sheet for 2022, companies submit the balance sheet only to the Federal Tax Service; there is no need to send it to Rosstat. An exception is made for organizations whose annual financial statements contain information classified as state secrets, as well as some organizations in cases established by the Government of the Russian Federation (clauses 5, 6, part 4, part 7, article 18 of the law of December 6, 2011 No. 402-FZ ).

“Astral Report 5.0” is a universal service for submitting reports to any regulatory authorities. Submit your reports on time and without errors - the service will remind you of the deadline and tell you how to fill out the report lines.

Forms in which it is possible to create a balance sheet

To be presented as official reporting, the balance sheet has a specific form. For the internal needs of an organization, it can have many modifications depending on the purpose and the type of data for its compilation:

• data can be taken either on specific dates (balance sheet) or by turnover for a period (turnover balance);
• the source data can be either only accounting, or only inventory, or accounting that is confirmed by inventory results;
• data can be taken into account either with the inclusion of regulatory items (depreciation, reserves, markup) or without them;
• the balance sheet can be drawn up in relation to only one of the types of activities of the enterprise;
• the balance sheet can have either a full or an abbreviated (simplified) form;
• the balance sheet can be drawn up in the form of equality between assets and the sum of capital and liabilities, or it can take the form of equality between capital and the difference between assets and liabilities;
• the balance sheet can be made for one organization or include data for several enterprises (consolidated and consolidated balance sheets);
• in relation to the event, there may be opening, liquidation, separation, and unification balance sheets;
• the balance can be preliminary, forecast, interim, final.

And this is not a complete list of possible options for drawing up a balance sheet for an organization to solve its internal problems. However, the fundamental approaches to filling out this form remain the same regardless of the way the source data is reflected in it.

You can download a sample balance sheet in the new edition with comments on completion from K+ experts in the ConsultantPlus legal reference system. To do this, get a free trial demo access to K+:

Who needs a balance sheet?

The totality of the balance sheet values ​​literally reflects the financial appearance of the organization.

First of all, the balance sheet is necessary for the organization itself in order to have an accurate picture of the results of its core activities that were obtained for a certain period (year, quarter, month).

The balance sheet shows how steadily the company is developing, both in relation to personal activities and in relation to cooperation with other organizations, which is characterized by two total balance sheet indicators, Asset and Liability.

Moreover, the main sign that the balance sheet is drawn up correctly is the equality of the final results of the company’s Assets and Liabilities.

Also, a company's balance sheet is required for any legal entities that cooperate or intend to establish a business relationship with this company.

The balance sheet can be used to determine the financial position of the organization and whether it will be able to function properly in the near future.

The balance sheet of an enterprise is very important for banks, which will be able to assess, based on the indicators of this form, how creditworthy the future client is, and what is the maximum loan amount that can be provided to him.

Each company is forced to provide a balance sheet to shareholders, statistical authorities and tax authorities at a fixed frequency.

How to draw up a balance sheet - 2022 for the Federal Tax Service: rules and techniques

Recommended reporting forms for submission to the Federal Tax Service were approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n. Since 2022, the balance sheet form as amended by Order of the Ministry of Finance dated April 19, 2019 No. 61n has been used.

The innovations in it are as follows:

• the unit of measurement has become thousands of rubles, it is impossible to fill out reports in millions;
• OKVED was replaced by OKVED2;
• A line has been entered to indicate whether the reporting is subject to mandatory audit or not. If yes, you will need to indicate information about the auditor.

The full form of the balance sheet contains the entire list of items that are recommended to be highlighted in the appropriate sections of the balance sheet. However, an enterprise may exclude items from this report for which it does not have the data to fill out, and, conversely, include additional items if this increases the reliability of the reports being compiled.

The full form has a box to display notes for each article. The enterprise decides for itself whether it needs to use this column. Obviously, it becomes necessary for any deviation from the standard recommended form.

In the abbreviated (simplified) form, which can be used by some legal entities that meet certain requirements if they consider it possible to present reporting in a simplified form, there is no division into sections and a column for notes, and the articles are combined in order to consolidate the indicators.

Read about which legal entities can create accounting records in a simplified form here.

How to fill out a balance sheet? The basic rules governing the procedure for drawing up the 2021 balance sheet for official reporting purposes are contained in PBU 4/99, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated July 6, 1999 No. 43n. They boil down to the following:

• the source of information for drawing up the balance sheet is accounting data;
• accounting data must be generated according to the rules of the current accounting regulations and in accordance with the accounting policies adopted by the enterprise;

Read about the specifics of accounting policies when applying the simplified tax system in the article “Procedure for maintaining accounting records under the simplified tax system .

• credentials must meet the requirements of completeness and reliability;
• an enterprise that has branches draws up a single balance sheet for the organization;
• data reflected in the balance sheet must be neutral and correlated with data from previous periods;
• the allocation of items in sections of the balance sheet is carried out according to the principle of materiality;
• the reporting period for the balance sheet is a calendar year;
• assets and liabilities reflected in the balance sheet should be divided into short-term and long-term (existing less than and more than 12 months, respectively);
• offset between items of assets and liabilities is not made if it is not provided for by the PBU;
• property is valued at its “net” value (less regulatory items);
• The accounting data of the annual report must be confirmed by the inventory.

In what cases is it permissible to deviate from the above rules provided for by PBU 4/99, find out in the expert opinion of ConsultantPlus by receiving trial access to the system for free.

What does the abbreviation TZR (decoding) and others mean?

Further in the article, abbreviations that are often used in accounting will be frequently mentioned. But beginners may have difficulty deciphering them, so we will give the full name of such abbreviations:

• TZR - transportation and procurement costs.
• OS - fixed assets.
• R&D - research and development work.
• Intangible assets - intangible assets.
• WIP - work in progress.
• FBP - deferred expenses.
• Commodities and materials - inventory items.
• FSS - social insurance fund.

General rules for filling out the balance sheet

The balance sheet is filled out on the basis of information about the balances in the accounting accounts as of the reporting date. These balances are reflected in the balance sheet in accordance with the objectives assigned to a specific report.

How to make a balance sheet - step-by-step instructions with examples will be given below . In relation to data on the financial result (retained earnings/uncovered loss), the current balance sheet is prepared, as a rule, by including in the reporting period the full number of months of the year for which it is formed. This is due to the fact that financial results accounts are generally closed on a monthly basis.

The division of assets and liabilities into long-term and short-term is provided for by the structure of the balance sheet. In his assets, 2 sections are allocated for this: non-current assets (long-term) and current assets (short-term). The liability is divided into three sections, two of which are sections on obligations, divided by the time of circulation (long-term and short-term). The third liability section reflects data on equity, which occupies a special position in the structure of the balance sheet.

Reflecting information on specific balance lines has its own characteristics. Let's figure out what is important when filling out a balance sheet - an example with a breakdown:

• data on the cost of fixed assets (including those intended for rental) and intangible assets are shown, as a rule, minus depreciation;
• information on R&D, tangible and intangible exploration assets is filled in only if such assets are available, while exploration assets are reflected net of depreciation;
• data on financial investments, which are loans issued, cash investments in banks (deposits), deposits in other organizations, in securities, are divided depending on their maturity into long-term and short-term and are shown, respectively, in different sections of the asset, while amounts are reflected less the created reserve for impairment of financial investments;
• information on deferred tax assets and liabilities present in the asset (non-current assets) and liability (long-term liabilities) lines of the balance sheet is filled out only by those organizations that apply PBU 18/02;
• data on inventories, including balances on accounts for materials (with inventory items), goods, finished products, work in progress, RBP, are reduced by the amount of created reserves for depreciation of goods and materials and the value of the trade margin, if goods are accounted for with it;
• accounts receivable and payable, which are amounts that someone owes the company and that the company owes to someone (counterparties, budget, funds, employees), are shown in detail and are reflected, respectively, in the assets and liabilities of the balance sheet as part of short-term liabilities; in this case, accounts receivable are reduced by the amount of created reserves for doubtful debts and data recorded on other balance sheet lines (financial investments);
• VAT on advances may be reflected in the balance sheet differently, depending on the accounting policy adopted by the enterprise;

For information on options for reflecting VAT on the balance sheet, read the article “How is VAT reflected on the balance sheet?” .

• funds (cash, non-cash, foreign currency) are shown in the total amount minus deposits accounted for in the lines of financial investments;
• the amount of additional capital, if present in accounting, is divided into two lines, depending on whether it is related to the revaluation of property;
• the financial result (retained profit or uncovered loss) in the annual balance sheet represents the result of activities for a finite number of years (after the balance sheet reform), and in interim reporting it consists of two figures (the financial result of previous years and the financial result of the current period), regardless depending on the reporting period, it may be a negative value;

Read about the reformation of the balance sheet in the material “How and when to reform the balance sheet?” .

• data on borrowed funds are divided into long-term and short-term liabilities according to the remaining period of their repayment and are shown in different sections of liabilities, while accrued interest on long-term loans is included in short-term debt;
• in a similar manner, depending on the remaining period of use, estimated liabilities are divided into long-term and short-term liabilities reflected in different sections of liabilities, which correspond to the amounts of created reserves for future expenses;
• data on future income additionally includes information on the amounts of targeted financing;
• all sections of the balance sheet, with the exception of the “Capital and Reserves” section, have a line for reflecting other assets or liabilities, intended for entering into it data that does not find a place in other lines of the corresponding section, or for those data that the organization decided to show separately.

When compiling an abbreviated (simplified) form of the balance sheet, a number of items highlighted in the full form are combined into items with new names:

• under the article “Tangible non-current assets”, one amount shows information about fixed assets and incomplete capital investments, which in the full form of the balance sheet is divided into 4 articles: “Intangible exploration assets”, “Tangible exploration assets”, “Fixed assets”, “Profitable investments in assets” ";

ATTENTION! With the reporting campaign for 2022, changes to PBU 18/02, 16/02, 13/2000, FSBU 5/2019 “Reserves” come into effect. And starting with reporting for 2022, the new FSBU 25/2018 “Lease Accounting”, FSBU 6/2020 “Fixed Assets”, FSBU 26/2020 “Capital Investments” should be applied. You can start applying new accounting standards earlier. This decision needs to be fixed in the accounting policy of the enterprise.

• the article “Intangible, financial and other non-current assets” combines data on the value of intangible assets, R&D, unfinished investments in intangible assets, information on long-term financial investments and deferred tax assets;
• the article “Financial and other current assets” together provides information on short-term financial investments, VAT on acquired assets and accounts receivable;
• the article “Capital and reserves” combines information on authorized, additional and reserve capital, purchased own shares, data on the revaluation of property and on retained earnings (uncovered loss);
• the item “Other long-term liabilities” jointly shows data on deferred tax liabilities and long-term provisions;
• in the article “Other short-term liabilities,” one amount shows data on future income and short-term estimated liabilities.

For information on how estimated liabilities are formed, read the publication “Procedure for calculating reserves in accounting.”

Balance sheet: how to fill out item by item

To fill out balance sheet items, data on balances formed as of the reporting date is taken from specific accounting accounts. In relation to the current version of the accounting chart of accounts, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated October 31, 2000 No. 94n, when filling out the full form of the balance sheet 2022 - which can be downloaded for free in our article - the balances on the following accounts are used:

• for the article “Intangible assets” - the final balance on account 04 minus the total on account 05, while for account 04 the data included in the line “Results of research and development” is not taken into account, and for account 05 – figures related to intangible exploration assets ;
• for the article “Results of research and development”, data on R&D costs reflected in the balance on account 04 is selected;
• for the articles “Intangible exploration assets” and “Tangible exploration assets”, data on the costs of developing natural resources is taken from account 08 minus depreciation related to these assets, taken into account, respectively, on accounts 02 and 05;
• for the item “Fixed assets”, the data is determined as the difference between the balances of accounts 01 and 02 (account 02 does not take into account figures related to material exploration assets and profitable investments in tangible assets), to which is added the amount of capital investment costs recorded in the accounts 07 and 08 (except for the figures included in the lines “Intangible search assets” and “Tangible search assets”);
• for the article “Profitable investments in assets”, the difference between the balances of accounts 03 and 02 in relation to the same objects is taken;
• for the item “Financial investments” in non-current assets, data on long-term amounts (with a maturity of more than 12 months) in accounts 55 (for deposits), 58, 73 (for loans issued to employees) is selected, which are reduced by the amount of reserves for long-term investments (count 59);
• for the item “Deferred tax assets”, the balance of account 09 is taken;
• for the item “Inventories”, the amount is formed by adding the balances on accounts 10, 11 (both accounts minus the reserve recorded on account 14), 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, 28, 29, 41 (minus account 42, if accounting of goods is carried out with a markup), 43, 44, 45, 46, 97;
• for the article “Value added tax on acquired assets”, the balance of account 19 is taken;
• for the item “Receivables”, the debit balances on accounts 60, 62 (both accounts minus the reserves formed on account 63), 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73 (minus the data recorded under the item “Financial attachments"), 75, 76;
• for the article “Financial investments (except for cash equivalents)” in current assets, data on short-term amounts (with a maturity of less than 12 months) in accounts 55 (for deposits), 58, 73 (for loans issued to employees) are selected, which are reduced for the amount of reserves for short-term investments (account 59);
• for the item “Cash and cash equivalents” the amount is obtained by adding the balances of accounts 50, 51, 52, 55 (except for deposits), 57;
• for the article “Authorized capital (share capital, authorized capital, contributions of partners)” the data is taken as the balance of account 80;

• for the item “Own shares purchased from shareholders”, the balance of account 81 is taken;
• for the article “Revaluation of non-current assets”, data on balances on account 83 related to fixed assets and intangible assets are selected.
• for the item “Additional capital (without revaluation)” the data is formed as balances on account 83 minus data related to fixed assets and intangible assets;
• for the item “Reserve capital”, the balance of account 82 is taken;
• for the article “Retained earnings (uncovered loss),” the annual balance sheet includes the balance of account 84, and when preparing interim reporting, two balances are added up: account 84 (financial result of previous years) and 99 (financial result of the current period of the reporting year), with In this case, the sum can be formed both by addition and by subtraction;
• for the item “Borrowed funds” in the section “Long-term liabilities”, long-term (with a remaining maturity of more than 12 months) debt on loans and borrowings is selected from the balances on account 67, while interest on long-term borrowed funds must be taken into account as part of short-term accounts payable;
• for the item “Deferred tax liabilities”, the balance of account 77 is taken;
• for the item “Estimated liabilities” in the section “Long-term liabilities”, from the balances on account 96, data on long-term reserves, the period of use of which exceeds 12 months, is selected;
• for the item “Borrowed funds” in the section “Short-term liabilities”, the balances on account 66, interest on long-term borrowed funds taken into account in the balances on account 67, and that debt on long-term loans and borrowings (account 67), which at the time of drawing up the report became short-term (less than 12 months left until its maturity);
• for the item “Accounts payable”, credit balances on accounts 60, 62, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 75, 76 are summed up;
• for the item “Deferred income”, the balances of accounts 86 and 98 are added up;
• for the item “Estimated Liabilities” in the “Short-Term Liabilities” section, from the balances on account 96, data on short-term reserves, the useful life of which is less than 12 months, is selected.

To fill out the combined items of the reduced balance sheet, the balances on the following accounts are used:

• for the article “Tangible non-current assets”, the sum of the balances on accounts 01 and 03 minus the balance on account 02 is determined, which is then added to the balances on accounts 07 and 08, which are classified as non-current assets;
• for the article “Intangible, financial and other non-current assets”, the difference in balances on accounts 04 and 05 is summed up with data on long-term amounts on accounts 55 (for deposits), 58, 73 (for loans issued to employees), reduced by the amount of reserves for long-term investments (account 59), with the balance of account 09 and with data on unfinished investments in intangible assets and R&D reflected in account 08;
• for the article “Financial and other current assets”, data on accounts 19, 55 (less long-term deposits), 58 (on short-term investments) is combined with a decrease in the amount of reserves related to them (account 59), 60, 62 (both accounts less reserves formed on account 63), 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73 (less amounts of long-term loans), 75, 76;
• for the item “Capital and reserves” the total amount of balances on accounts 80, 81, 82, 83, 84 is determined;
• for the item “Other long-term liabilities”, the balances of accounts 77 and 96 are combined (in relation to reserves with a period of use of more than 12 months);
• for the item “Other short-term liabilities” the balances on accounts 86, 96 (in relation to short-term reserves) and 98 are summed up.

The items “Inventories”, “Cash and cash equivalents”, “Long-term borrowed funds”, “Short-term borrowed funds”, “Accounts payable” are filled out according to the same accounts as similar items in the full balance sheet.

About the features of filling out individual lines of the balance sheet

Reflection of transactions for the formation of authorized capital in accounting accounts

The founders have the right to expect to receive income when the company begins to operate at full capacity and make a profit. Accounting for the authorized capital is carried out on passive account 80 “Authorized capital”. The creation and increase in the authorized capital is reflected in the credit of this account, and the decrease in capital is reflected in the debit of account 80.

Settlements with founders are reflected in active-passive account 75 “Settlements with founders”. The credit of the account records the contributions of the founders to the authorized capital, and the debit reflects the payment of income to the founders.

After determining the value of the deposits of the participants (founders) of the organization by the amount of the declared authorized (share) capital and the debt of the founders (participants) for the corresponding deposits, an account is created in the accounting system:

- D-tch. 75 “Settlements with founders”, subaccount 1 “Settlements on contributions to the authorized (share) capital”;

- K-t sch. 80 “Authorized capital”.

The assessed value of contributions to the authorized (share) capital in monetary and non-monetary resources, contributed by the founders (participants) and presented in the constituent documents, reduces the debt of the founders (participants) of the company:

- D-tch. 50 “Cash”, 51 “Current accounts”, 08 “Investments in non-current assets”, 10 “Materials”, 58 “Financial investments”, etc.;

- K-t sch. 75 “Settlements with founders”, subaccount. 1 “Calculations for contributions to the authorized (share) capital.”

The basis for such records are primary accounting documents: cash receipt orders, payment orders, acts of acceptance and transfer of property, invoices with attached property assessment reports, constituent documents, etc. Debit balance on the account. 75 “Settlements with founders”, subaccount. 1 “Calculations for contributions to the authorized (share) capital” will show the total amount of debt of the founders (participants), and analytical accounting for each of them will allow you to control such debt and its repayment.

Balance sheet: example of filling out the general form

An example of a balance sheet completed by specialists is of interest to many accountants, both beginners and experienced, especially if a complex situation arises.

Examples of balance sheets with entered indicators can be seen on the websites of almost all reference and legal systems. In addition, an example of a balance sheet can be a form filled out automatically by an accounting program. However, Form 1 - Balance Sheet for 2022 completed in this way requires its verification. To carry out such a check and correctly configure its completion in the program, you need to understand the entire mechanism for generating the balance sheet.

Let's look at how to draw up an accounting balance sheet using the example of accounting data for which the financial result is formed after carrying out the necessary regulatory operations and reforming the balance sheet.

Let's assume that we are talking about an organization engaged in manufacturing and wholesale trade. The features of her credentials are due to the fact that she:

• has OS and intangible assets;
• makes capital investments;
• has financial investments;
• creates reserves for depreciation of goods and materials and financial investments, reserves for doubtful debts;
• creates a reserve for vacation payments;
• takes loans from banks;
• reimburses VAT;
• receives reimbursement of expenses for sick leave from the Social Insurance Fund;
• applies PBU 18/02;
• has a profit for previous years;
• has a loss based on the results of work for the current year.

We will display its accounting data as of the reporting date in the form of a table with a breakdown by accounting accounts in relation to the current version of the chart of accounts, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated October 31, 2000 No. 94n.

The table will contain detailed data on debit and credit balances, which, for ease of presentation, are not broken down by subaccount and rounded to the nearest thousand rubles without decimal places.

The balance sheet of an enterprise, filled out as an example of the 2021 sample, will look like this.

The correctness of filling out the balance sheet form 1 on the 20210 form can be checked arithmetically. This can be done in two ways: from the total of debit balances and from the total of credit balances.

When checking in the first way, from the total amount of debit balances on accounting accounts, it is necessary to subtract the values ​​​​related to regulatory items (depreciation, provisions for impairment), i.e. credit balances on accounts 02, 05, 14, 59, 63. The result should be equal to the balance sheet asset total.

Let's check: 23,963 – 1,017 – 57 – 101 – 62 – 1,115 = 21,611.

A similar formula is used when checking in the second way: the values ​​of regulatory items are subtracted from the total amount of credit balances on the accounting accounts (credit balances on the same accounts 02, 05, 14, 59, 63). The result should be equal to the total liabilities of the balance sheet.

Let's check: 23,963 – 1,017 – 57 – 101 – 62 – 1,115 = 21,611.

If the above accounting data related to interim reporting, then their only difference would be the presence of data on account 99 (due to the absence of balance sheet reformation performed only at the close of the year). In our example of the balance sheet before the reformation, account 99 had a loss of 70,000 rubles. (i.e., debit balance), and account 84 showed the profit of previous years in the amount of 309,000 rubles, which had not yet been reduced by the loss of the reporting year. In this case, the amount in the balance sheet would remain arithmetically the same, but the data on the line “Retained earnings” would be taken as the difference between the figures reflected in accounts 84 and 99. The total amounts of debit and credit balances in this case would be greater by the amount of the loss, and in the verification formulas the amount of loss would have to be additionally subtracted from them.

The balance sheet form 1 on the 2022 sample form, filled out automatically in the accounting program, must be checked. To do this, its figures are verified with data obtained from the consolidated balance sheet for the accounting accounts generated as of the reporting date. To select data on the analytics of property, financial investments, loans, additional capital, reserves, balance sheets for the corresponding accounting accounts are used. The greatest difficulty is checking the correctness of the formation of detailed balances on accounts for settlements with counterparties. Here you will have to sum up both the balances of individual accounts and the debt of specific counterparties.

The deadline for submitting financial statements, including the balance sheet, is set at March 31 of the year following the reporting year.

Find out what liability is established for late submission of financial statements and violation of accounting rules in the ConsultantPlus Tax Guide by receiving free trial access.

Balance sheet: example of filling out a simplified form

The balance sheet of an enterprise, filled out using the example of the 2021 sample in a simplified form, will be as follows.

In the abbreviated form of the balance sheet - the 2022 form can be downloaded for free from the link below - the combined lines must contain the code of the indicator that makes up the majority of the amount in this indicator.

If previously the balance sheet of the organization was presented to the Federal Tax Service in full, and then a decision was made to form it in an abbreviated form, then the data for previous years must be transformed into a simplified form, preserving their original values ​​and in compliance with the rules for reflection in simplified reporting.

The balance sheet drawn up in accordance with the form approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n, must contain, in addition to reporting data, data as of the end of the two previous years. Data from previous years must coincide with official reporting figures for these years.

Before filling out the text section in the balance sheet located above the main balance sheet table, we recommend paying attention to 3 things:

• the type of economic activity is indicated by the type of activity that brought the largest amount of revenue in the reporting period;
• codes related to the organization are taken from the tax registration certificate, a letter from the state statistics body about the codes and reference books of the relevant codes.

To learn how to make a simplified balance sheet, read the article “Preparing a balance sheet under the simplified tax system .

Balance Sheet Structure

As already mentioned, the structure of the balance sheet consists of 2 main tables, one reflects the organization’s Assets, the other – Liabilities.

The balance sheet is considered to be completed correctly if the numerical results of these tables match.

Let's take a closer look at what these tables characterize.

Assets

An asset is considered to be all the property of an enterprise (real estate, financial investments, vehicles, accounts receivable, equipment, etc.), expressed in monetary form.

A balance sheet asset is the totality of everything that belongs to the enterprise and that can be converted into monetary currency

The balance sheet asset is in turn divided into several sections.

1. Fixed assets. The content of the “Non-current assets” section is information about property that is used by the enterprise for a long time, or more precisely more than a year. Non-current assets include: equipment, long-term investments, buildings, etc.
2. Current Assets. The final indicator of this section is the sum of all the property of the enterprise, which is consumed and requires replenishment in a relatively short period of time, or rather less than a year. Current assets are materials, cash, short-term receivables, raw materials, etc.

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Passive

The liability in the balance sheet reflects the sources of formation of all the property of the enterprise, that is, its Asset.

Liabilities consist of equity capital, borrowed funds and external liabilities

The Liability side of the Balance Sheet has three main sections:

1. Capital and reserves. The Liability section “Capital and reserves” summarizes all own funds that belong only to the owners of the organization.
2. Long term duties. In the Liability section “Long-term liabilities”, the value of the totality of all credits, borrowings and other debts that must be paid over a long period of time exceeding one year is formed.
3. Short-term liabilities. This liability component reflects the totality of debts that require immediate payment (less than a year). Short-term liabilities include: wages not paid to employees, debts to suppliers, etc.

Currently, Form No. 1 of the Balance Sheet is in force, which was approved on July 2, 2010 by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

But this form has rather a recommendatory nature of the structure of the main indicators of the organization’s performance.

The company, based on its business characteristics, can add additional lines or combine and delete existing indicators in the prescribed form.

Results

The preparation of a balance sheet is subject to a number of rules established both for all accounting in general and specifically for the balance sheet. The balance required for submission to the Federal Tax Service is created on the prescribed form. However, some organizations have the right to draw it up in a simplified form.

Sources:

• Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 N 66n
• Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated April 19, 2019 N 61n
• Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated October 31, 2000 N 94n

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We adjust the balance sheet for three years using the example of LLC reporting

Balance adjustments may be required, for example, if errors are detected in accounting. In this case, there are special rules for making adjustments to the statements, as well as a special procedure for presenting the updated balance to users.

Another case when the balance sheet is adjusted is a significant change in accounting policy.

For example, Aria LLC draws up a balance sheet for 3 years, taking into account the fact that provisions were introduced into its accounting policy in 2022 that resulted in a significant change in the balance sheet indicators. In accordance with clause 15 of PBU 1/2008 “Accounting Policy of the Organization” (approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 6, 2008 No. 106n), in this case a retrospective recalculation of these indicators is necessary.

The accountant of Aria LLC must recalculate the balance sheet indicators for the 2 previous periods, based on the assumption that such an accounting policy was applied by the company starting from 01/01/2018. Then you need to reflect in the balance sheet the result of recalculation of indicators of previous periods (clause 21 of PBU 1/2008). The result of the recalculation is reflected in account 84 “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)”.

In the explanations to the balance sheet, the accountant of Aria LLC must indicate what changes have been made to the accounting policy and why, how the consequences of these changes are reflected in the balance sheet, and also enter the amount of changes for all adjusted items for each period.

Retrospective recalculation is not permitted for organizations that have access to simplified accounting (clause 15.1 of PBU 1/2008).